🏠 NEET Home
NEET 2027  ·  Full Syllabus Practice  ·  Aamirah Fathima

Answer Key & Solutions — Set 3

Quick-reference grid first, then a one-line reason for every question with its topic tag. Score the paper, then re-work every wrong answer before moving on.

Questions
180
Max marks
720
Correct
+4
Wrong
−1
Set
3

Quick key

All 180 answers
001 B
002 C
003 C
004 B
005 B
006 C
007 B
008 B
009 B
010 B
011 C
012 B
013 D
014 B
015 C
016 C
017 B
018 B
019 B
020 B
021 B
022 B
023 B
024 A
025 A
026 B
027 B
028 B
029 B
030 C
031 B
032 C
033 B
034 C
035 B
036 B
037 C
038 B
039 B
040 B
041 A
042 C
043 B
044 C
045 B
046 B
047 C
048 A
049 C
050 B
051 C
052 B
053 B
054 B
055 B
056 C
057 B
058 C
059 B
060 B
061 C
062 C
063 B
064 B
065 B
066 B
067 B
068 B
069 B
070 C
071 B
072 A
073 B
074 B
075 B
076 B
077 D
078 B
079 B
080 B
081 B
082 C
083 B
084 B
085 B
086 B
087 B
088 B
089 C
090 B
091 A
092 B
093 B
094 B
095 B
096 B
097 C
098 B
099 B
100 B
101 A
102 B
103 A
104 B
105 B
106 B
107 B
108 B
109 B
110 B
111 A
112 B
113 B
114 A
115 B
116 A
117 B
118 B
119 C
120 B
121 B
122 B
123 B
124 B
125 B
126 C
127 C
128 B
129 B
130 B
131 C
132 B
133 B
134 C
135 B
136 B
137 B
138 B
139 B
140 A
141 B
142 B
143 B
144 B
145 C
146 C
147 C
148 B
149 B
150 B
151 B
152 B
153 B
154 B
155 B
156 B
157 B
158 B
159 B
160 B
161 B
162 B
163 B
164 D
165 C
166 B
167 B
168 C
169 C
170 C
171 B
172 B
173 C
174 B
175 A
176 B
177 B
178 B
179 B
180 B

Physics

Section A  ·  worked reasoning
Q001   (B)   [M⁻¹L³T⁻²]
From F = Gm₁m₂/r², G = Fr²/m² ⇒ [MLT⁻²][L²]/[M²] = [M⁻¹L³T⁻²].
Units & Dimensions

Q002   (C)   3.1
The least precise factor has two significant figures, so the answer is rounded to two.
Errors & Significant Figures

Q003   (C)   18 m s⁻¹
v = dx/dt = 8t + 2 = 18 m s⁻¹ at t = 2 s.
Kinematics

Q004   (B)   30° and 60°
R is unchanged for complementary angles θ and (90° − θ).
Kinematics

Q005   (B)   m(g − a)
The normal reaction N = m(g − a) when the lift accelerates downwards.
Laws of Motion

Q006   (C)   2 m s⁻¹
Momentum conservation: 4v = 0.02 × 400 ⇒ v = 2 m s⁻¹.
Laws of Motion

Q007   (B)   1 : 2
KE ∝ distance fallen for free fall, so the ratio is 1 : 2.
Work, Energy & Power

Q008   (B)   MR²/2
By the perpendicular axis theorem, 2I_d = MR² ⇒ I_d = MR²/2.
Rotational Motion

Q009   (B)   √(10gh/7)
v = √(2gh/(1 + k²/R²)) with k²/R² = 2/5 gives √(10gh/7).
Rotational Motion

Q010   (B)   g/4
g_h = g R²/(R + h)² = g/4 at h = R.
Gravitation

Q011   (C)   24 hours
Its period must match the earth's rotation so that it appears stationary.
Gravitation

Q012   (B)   W
Breaking stress depends on material and area, not on length.
Elasticity

Q013   (D)   Four times
Equation of continuity: A₁v₁ = A₂v₂ ⇒ v ∝ 1/A.
Fluids

Q014   (B)   Inversely proportional to the radius
h = 2T cosθ/rρg, so a narrower tube gives a greater rise.
Fluids

Q015   (C)   γ = 3α
For an isotropic solid, γ = 3α and the areal coefficient is 2α.
Thermal Properties

Q016   (C)   800 cal
Q = mL = 10 × 80 = 800 cal; temperature stays constant during melting.
Thermal Properties

Q017   (B)   Entirely increases the internal energy
Volume is constant so W = 0 and Q = ΔU.
Thermodynamics

Q018   (B)   5
COP = T₂/(T₁ − T₂) = 250/50 = 5.
Thermodynamics

Q019   (B)   P = ⅓ρv²_rms
From kinetic theory, P = (1/3)ρ v²_rms.
Kinetic Theory

Q020   (B)   ½mω²A²
Total energy is constant and equals the maximum kinetic energy ½mω²A².
Oscillations

Q021   (B)   λ/2
Nodes recur every half wavelength.
Waves

Q022   (B)   √(T/μ)
v = √(T/μ).
Waves

Q023   (B)   Never intersect one another
Two directions of field at one point are impossible, so lines never cross.
Electrostatics

Q024   (A)   Zero
Potentials are scalars and the equal and opposite contributions cancel.
Electrostatics

Q025   (A)   0.01 J
U = ½CV² = ½ × 2 × 10⁻⁶ × 10⁴ = 0.01 J.
Capacitors

Q026   (B)   Charge
The total current entering a junction equals the total current leaving it.
Current Electricity

Q027   (B)   2.4 Ω
R = (4 × 6)/(4 + 6) = 2.4 Ω.
Current Electricity

Q028   (B)   The 60 W bulb glows brighter
In series the current is common and the 60 W bulb has the greater resistance, so I²R is larger for it.
Current Electricity

Q029   (B)   5 × 10⁻⁵ T
B = μ₀I/2πr = (2 × 10⁻⁷ × 5)/0.02 = 5 × 10⁻⁵ T.
Moving Charges & Magnetism

Q030   (C)   Increasing the number of turns and the area of the coil
Sensitivity = NAB/k, so more turns or greater area raises it.
Moving Charges & Magnetism

Q031   (B)   Isolated magnetic monopoles do not exist
Magnetic field lines are continuous closed loops, so as many enter as leave.
Magnetism & Matter

Q032   (C)   20 V
ε = ΔΦ/Δt = 4/0.2 = 20 V.
Electromagnetic Induction

Q033   (B)   Induction furnaces and electromagnetic braking
They are minimised by laminating cores but exploited in furnaces and braking systems.
Electromagnetic Induction

Q034   (C)   5 Ω
Z = √(R² + (X_L − X_C)²) = √(9 + 16) = 5 Ω.
Alternating Current

Q035   (B)   Only a pure inductor or capacitor
The phase difference is 90°, so cosφ = 0 and no power is dissipated.
Alternating Current

Q036   (B)   Mutually perpendicular
EM waves are transverse, with E × B along the direction of propagation.
Electromagnetic Waves

Q037   (C)   4 D
P = 1/f (in metres) = 1/0.25 = 4 D.
Ray Optics

Q038   (B)   f_o/f_e
The objective must have a long focal length and the eyepiece a short one.
Ray Optics

Q039   (B)   nλ
Bright fringes correspond to an integral number of wavelengths.
Wave Optics

Q040   (B)   The refractive index of the medium
tan i_B = μ, and at this angle the reflected ray is completely plane polarised.
Wave Optics

Q041   (A)   12.27/√V Å
λ = h/√(2meV) = 12.27/√V Å.
Dual Nature of Matter

Q042   (C)   Is independent of mass number
R = R₀A^(1/3), so volume ∝ A and density stays nearly constant.
Nuclei

Q043   (B)   Balmer series, visible
Transitions ending at n = 2 form the Balmer series, which lies in the visible region.
Atoms

Q044   (C)   100 Hz
Both halves of the input cycle are used, so the output pulses at twice the input frequency.
Semiconductors

Q045   (B)   Electrons
Pentavalent dopants donate free electrons, which become the majority carriers.
Semiconductors

Chemistry

Section B  ·  worked reasoning
Q046   (B)   0.2 M
0.1 mol in 0.5 L gives 0.2 mol L⁻¹.
Some Basic Concepts

Q047   (C)   44 g
1 mol C gives 1 mol CO₂ = 44 g.
Some Basic Concepts

Q048   (A)   [Ar]3d⁹4s⁰
Cu is [Ar]3d¹⁰4s¹; losing two electrons (4s first) leaves 3d⁹.
Structure of Atom

Q049   (C)   2
Radial nodes = n − l − 1 = 3 − 0 − 1 = 2.
Structure of Atom

Q050   (B)   The 2p electron of boron is more easily removed than the paired 2s electron of beryllium
Be has a stable filled 2s² configuration and its electron is more tightly held.
Classification & Periodicity

Q051   (C)   Fluorine
Fluorine has the highest electronegativity, 4.0 on the Pauling scale.
Classification & Periodicity

Q052   (B)   NH₄⁺
The lone pair of NH₃ is donated to H⁺, forming a coordinate bond.
Chemical Bonding

Q053   (B)   The bond moments and the lone pair moment act in the same direction
In NF₃ the bond moments oppose the lone pair moment, reducing the resultant.
Chemical Bonding

Q054   (B)   Zero
Two bonding and two antibonding electrons give BO = (2 − 2)/2 = 0.
Chemical Bonding

Q055   (B)   Smaller cation with high charge and larger anion
A small, highly charged cation polarises a large anion strongly.
Chemical Bonding

Q056   (C)   Positive
ΔS_total > 0 for a spontaneous change in an isolated system.
Thermodynamics

Q057   (B)   Volume, giving ΔU
The rigid vessel keeps volume constant, so the heat measured is ΔU.
Thermodynamics

Q058   (C)   Basic
The salt of a weak acid and strong base hydrolyses to give OH⁻ ions.
Equilibrium

Q059   (B)   Products predominate at equilibrium
K is the ratio of product to reactant activities at equilibrium.
Equilibrium

Q060   (B)   Weak electrolytes
It relates the dissociation constant to the degree of dissociation of a weak electrolyte.
Equilibrium

Q061   (C)   M/5
Mn goes from +7 to +2, a five-electron change.
Redox Reactions

Q062   (C)   CN⁻
Nucleophiles are electron-rich species that donate a lone pair.
Organic Chemistry – Basic Principles

Q063   (B)   3° > 2° > 1°
Hyperconjugation and the inductive effect stabilise the more substituted radical.
Organic Chemistry – Basic Principles

Q064   (B)   2-Chlorobutane
C-2 of 2-chlorobutane carries four different groups, making it a chiral centre.
Organic Chemistry – Basic Principles

Q065   (B)   Ethane
Decarboxylation at the anode gives methyl radicals that dimerise to ethane.
Hydrocarbons

Q066   (B)   HBr only
Only the H–Br bond has suitable bond energy for the free radical chain mechanism.
Hydrocarbons

Q067   (B)   (4n + 2) π electrons in a planar cyclic system
Planarity, cyclic delocalisation and (4n + 2) π electrons are all required.
Hydrocarbons

Q068   (B)   Directly proportional to its partial pressure
p = K_H x, so more pressure dissolves more gas.
Solutions

Q069   (B)   A maximum boiling azeotrope
Stronger solute–solvent interaction lowers vapour pressure and raises boiling point.
Solutions

Q070   (C)   3 F
Al³⁺ + 3e⁻ → Al requires three faradays per mole.
Electrochemistry

Q071   (B)   Aqueous KOH
Concentrated aqueous KOH carries the ions between the porous carbon electrodes.
Electrochemistry

Q072   (A)   Zero
Rate ∝ [A]⁰ means the rate is independent of that concentration.
Chemical Kinetics

Q073   (B)   [A]₀/2k
For [A] = [A]₀ − kt, half the initial concentration is consumed at t = [A]₀/2k.
Chemical Kinetics

Q074   (B)   d–d electronic transitions
Absorption of visible light promotes an electron between split d orbitals.
d- and f-Block Elements

Q075   (B)   Ce
Ce⁴⁺ attains the stable xenon core configuration and is a good oxidising agent.
d- and f-Block Elements

Q076   (B)   Cr³⁺
Orange Cr₂O₇²⁻ is reduced to green Cr³⁺, a six-electron change.
d- and f-Block Elements

Q077   (D)   CO
CO is the strongest field ligand of those listed.
Coordination Compounds

Q078   (B)   Ionisation isomers
They give different ions in solution because the ligand and counter ion are exchanged.
Coordination Compounds

Q079   (B)   +3 and 6
Oxalate is bidentate, so three of them give a coordination number of six.
Coordination Compounds

Q080   (B)   Inversion of configuration
Backside attack by the nucleophile causes Walden inversion.
Haloalkanes & Haloarenes

Q081   (B)   Phosgene
Oxidation gives poisonous carbonyl chloride, COCl₂.
Haloalkanes & Haloarenes

Q082   (C)   2,4,6-Tribromophenol
The strongly activating –OH group leads to a white precipitate of the tribromo derivative.
Alcohols, Phenols & Ethers

Q083   (B)   A ketone
Secondary alcohols are oxidised to ketones, which resist further oxidation.
Alcohols, Phenols & Ethers

Q084   (B)   Propane
Zn-Hg with concentrated HCl reduces the carbonyl group completely to CH₂.
Aldehydes, Ketones & Carboxylic Acids

Q085   (B)   HCHO > CH₃CHO > CH₃COCH₃
Alkyl groups increase both steric hindrance and electron density at the carbonyl carbon.
Aldehydes, Ketones & Carboxylic Acids

Q086   (B)   Methane
Decarboxylation removes CO₂ and leaves a hydrocarbon with one carbon less.
Aldehydes, Ketones & Carboxylic Acids

Q087   (B)   3° > 2° > 1° > NH₃
Without solvation, only the inductive effect operates, so basicity rises with substitution.
Amines

Q088   (B)   Aliphatic primary amines
Aryl halides do not undergo the required nucleophilic substitution with phthalimide.
Amines

Q089   (C)   Glycogen
Glycogen is a highly branched glucose polymer stored in liver and muscle.
Biomolecules

Q090   (B)   Scurvy
Ascorbic acid is required for collagen synthesis; its lack causes bleeding gums.
Biomolecules

Botany

Section C  ·  worked reasoning
Q091   (A)   Species, genus, family, order, class, phylum, kingdom
Family lies between genus and order in the taxonomic hierarchy.
The Living World

Q092   (B)   Saprophytic protists forming a plasmodium
Under suitable conditions they aggregate into a multinucleate plasmodium.
Biological Classification

Q093   (B)   Chemosynthetic autotrophs
They oxidise inorganic substances and use the released energy to make ATP.
Biological Classification

Q094   (B)   Mycobiont
The mycobiont provides shelter, water and minerals; the algal phycobiont makes food.
Biological Classification

Q095   (B)   Selaginella and Salvinia
These pteridophytes produce two kinds of spores, a precursor to seed habit.
Plant Kingdom

Q096   (B)   Starch and cellulose
Green algae store starch and have a cellulose wall with an inner cellulosic layer.
Plant Kingdom

Q097   (C)   Alstonia
More than two leaves arise at each node in Alstonia.
Morphology of Flowering Plants

Q098   (B)   Solanaceae
Solanaceae has a syncarpous bicarpellary ovary with axile placentation and epipetalous stamens.
Morphology of Flowering Plants

Q099   (B)   Rhizome
A rhizome is a horizontal underground stem with nodes, internodes and scale leaves.
Morphology of Flowering Plants

Q100   (B)   Exarch
Protoxylem lies towards the periphery in roots and towards the centre in stems.
Anatomy of Flowering Plants

Q101   (A)   Phellem, phellogen and phelloderm
Cork cambium (phellogen) cuts off cork outside and secondary cortex inside.
Anatomy of Flowering Plants

Q102   (B)   Dead with thick lignified walls
They provide mechanical strength and occur as fibres and sclereids.
Anatomy of Flowering Plants

Q103   (A)   Invaginations of the plasma membrane
They help in cell wall formation, DNA replication, respiration and secretion.
Cell: The Unit of Life

Q104   (B)   Packaging, modification and dispatch of materials
Materials enter at the convex cis face and leave from the concave trans face.
Cell: The Unit of Life

Q105   (B)   Positively charged due to lysine and arginine
Basic residues let histones bind the negatively charged DNA backbone.
Cell: The Unit of Life

Q106   (B)   Transferases
Transferases carry out group transfer reactions.
Biomolecules

Q107   (B)   β-1,4
The β-1,4 linkage gives cellulose its straight, tightly packed fibres.
Biomolecules

Q108   (B)   DNA replicates once and there are two successive nuclear divisions
A single S phase is followed by meiosis I and meiosis II.
Cell Cycle & Cell Division

Q109   (B)   Cell plate formation
A cell plate grows from the centre outwards because of the rigid cell wall.
Cell Cycle & Cell Division

Q110   (B)   Photosystem II
The oxygen evolving complex on the inner side of PS II splits water.
Photosynthesis

Q111   (A)   ATP only
Electrons cycle back to PS I, so no NADPH or O₂ is produced.
Photosynthesis

Q112   (B)   RuBisCO
RuBisCO has both carboxylase and oxygenase activity.
Photosynthesis

Q113   (B)   Open at night and close during the day
Night opening minimises water loss; CO₂ is stored as malic acid until daytime.
Photosynthesis

Q114   (A)   3 NADH, 1 FADH₂ and 1 GTP
Three NAD⁺ and one FAD are reduced, with one substrate level phosphorylation.
Respiration in Plants

Q115   (B)   Ethanol and CO₂
Pyruvate decarboxylase and alcohol dehydrogenase convert pyruvate to ethanol.
Respiration in Plants

Q116   (A)   Auxin produced at the shoot apex
Removing the apical bud releases the lateral buds from auxin inhibition.
Plant Growth & Development

Q117   (B)   Speed up the malting process
GA₃ hastens malting of barley by promoting hydrolytic enzyme synthesis.
Plant Growth & Development

Q118   (B)   Microspores from the pollen mother cell by meiosis
Each diploid microspore mother cell gives a tetrad of haploid microspores.
Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants

Q119   (C)   Porogamy
Porogamy is the commonest route of pollen tube entry.
Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants

Q120   (B)   Syngamy and triple fusion
One male gamete fuses with the egg and the other with the two polar nuclei.
Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants

Q121   (B)   False fruits
The thalamus, not the ovary alone, contributes to the fleshy edible part.
Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants

Q122   (B)   The two alleles of a gene separate during gamete formation
Each gamete receives only one of the two alleles, without blending.
Principles of Inheritance

Q123   (B)   Polygenic inheritance
Several genes contribute additively, giving a continuous range of phenotypes.
Principles of Inheritance

Q124   (B)   Glutamic acid by valine at position 6 of the β chain
A single base change GAG → GTG alters the sixth amino acid of β-globin.
Principles of Inheritance

Q125   (B)   45, XO
The affected female is sterile, with rudimentary ovaries and no secondary sexual characters.
Principles of Inheritance

Q126   (C)   Meselson and Stahl
They used ¹⁵N labelling and caesium chloride density gradient centrifugation.
Molecular Basis of Inheritance

Q127   (C)   A single RNA polymerase
One RNA polymerase, with the help of sigma and rho factors, makes mRNA, tRNA and rRNA.
Molecular Basis of Inheritance

Q128   (B)   Reads the codon on mRNA at one end and carries the amino acid at the other
Crick postulated an adaptor that links the nucleotide language to the amino acid language.
Molecular Basis of Inheritance

Q129   (B)   UAA, UAG, UGA
These three codons signal the end of translation and code for no amino acid.
Molecular Basis of Inheritance

Q130   (B)   Two closely related species competing for the same limiting resource cannot coexist indefinitely
The competitively inferior species is eventually eliminated.
Organisms & Populations

Q131   (C)   An expanding population
A large proportion of pre-reproductive individuals means the population will grow.
Organisms & Populations

Q132   (B)   Unidirectional
Energy enters as sunlight and is progressively lost as heat; it is never reused.
Ecosystem

Q133   (B)   Standing crop
Standing state refers instead to the amount of inorganic nutrients present.
Ecosystem

Q134   (C)   In the tropics
Tropical regions have been relatively undisturbed, have constant environments and more solar energy.
Biodiversity & Conservation

Q135   (B)   Ex situ conservation
Ex situ conservation protects organisms or their propagules outside the natural habitat.
Biodiversity & Conservation

Zoology

Section D  ·  worked reasoning
Q136   (B)   Pseudocoelomate
The body cavity is not lined by mesoderm on all sides, so it is a pseudocoelom.
Animal Kingdom

Q137   (B)   Mollusca
The molluscan buccal cavity contains a file-like radula for feeding.
Animal Kingdom

Q138   (B)   Moist skin without scales and a three-chambered heart
Frogs respire through moist skin as well as lungs and have a three-chambered heart.
Animal Kingdom

Q139   (B)   Ornithorhynchus
The duck-billed platypus is an oviparous prototherian mammal.
Animal Kingdom

Q140   (A)   Simple squamous
A single layer of flat cells allows rapid diffusion of gases.
Structural Organisation in Animals

Q141   (B)   Colourless and does not carry oxygen
Haemolymph is colourless; the tracheal system supplies oxygen directly to tissues.
Structural Organisation in Animals

Q142   (B)   500 mL
Roughly 500 mL of air is inspired or expired in a normal quiet breath.
Breathing & Exchange of Gases

Q143   (B)   Red blood cells
It catalyses the rapid interconversion of CO₂ and water with carbonic acid inside RBCs.
Breathing & Exchange of Gases

Q144   (B)   Medulla oblongata
A pneumotaxic centre in the pons moderates the medullary rhythm centre.
Breathing & Exchange of Gases

Q145   (C)   5 L per minute
Cardiac output = 70 × 72 ≈ 5040 mL ≈ 5 L per minute.
Body Fluids & Circulation

Q146   (C)   120 days
Worn out RBCs are destroyed in the spleen, the graveyard of RBCs.
Body Fluids & Circulation

Q147   (C)   140/90 mm Hg
Persistent readings of 140/90 mm Hg or above indicate hypertension.
Body Fluids & Circulation

Q148   (B)   Bony fishes and aquatic amphibians
Ammonia is highly toxic but easily removed where water is abundant.
Excretory Products

Q149   (B)   Juxtamedullary nephrons
Juxtamedullary nephrons and their vasa recta maintain the concentration gradient.
Excretory Products

Q150   (B)   Vasodilation and fall in blood pressure
ANF acts as a check on the renin–angiotensin mechanism.
Excretory Products

Q151   (B)   Troponin on the actin filament
Ca²⁺ binding to troponin shifts tropomyosin and exposes the myosin binding sites.
Locomotion & Movement

Q152   (B)   Decreased levels of oestrogen
Reduced oestrogen after menopause lowers bone mass and mineral content.
Locomotion & Movement

Q153   (B)   Two pairs
The last two of the twelve pairs are not attached ventrally at all.
Locomotion & Movement

Q154   (B)   Cochlea
It rests on the basilar membrane and converts sound vibrations into nerve impulses.
Neural Control & Coordination

Q155   (B)   Increases heart rate and dilates pupils
The sympathetic division prepares the body for emergency, or fight-or-flight, responses.
Neural Control & Coordination

Q156   (B)   An afferent neuron
Afferent (sensory) neurons carry impulses towards the central nervous system.
Neural Control & Coordination

Q157   (B)   Raises blood calcium by bone resorption
PTH is a hypercalcemic hormone; calcitonin has the opposite effect.
Chemical Coordination

Q158   (B)   Adrenal medulla
These catecholamines mediate the fight-or-flight response.
Chemical Coordination

Q159   (B)   Antidiuretic hormone
Without ADH, the kidney fails to reabsorb water and large volumes of dilute urine are passed.
Chemical Coordination

Q160   (B)   About 2–2.5 °C lower than body temperature
Sperm production requires a temperature lower than the core body temperature.
Human Reproduction

Q161   (B)   Is completed during embryonic development
No new primary oocytes are formed after birth; they remain arrested in prophase I.
Human Reproduction

Q162   (B)   Only after the entry of the sperm
Fertilisation triggers completion of meiosis II, releasing a second polar body.
Human Reproduction

Q163   (B)   Antibodies, especially IgA
The first milk secreted after childbirth confers passive immunity.
Human Reproduction

Q164   (D)   Genital herpes
Viral STIs such as genital herpes, hepatitis B and HIV cannot be fully cured.
Reproductive Health

Q165   (C)   Hormone releasing IUDs
These intrauterine devices release hormones that make the uterus unsuitable for implantation.
Reproductive Health

Q166   (B)   Fallopian tube
Embryos up to 8 blastomeres go into the fallopian tube (ZIFT); later stages go into the uterus (IUT).
Reproductive Health

Q167   (B)   Inheritance of acquired characters
Lamarck proposed that use and disuse produce heritable change, an idea later rejected.
Evolution

Q168   (C)   Random mating in a large population
Equilibrium is maintained precisely when mating is random and no evolutionary force acts.
Evolution

Q169   (C)   Disruptive selection
Disruptive selection splits the population into two peaks.
Evolution

Q170   (C)   1400 cc
Neanderthals had brains of about 1400 cc and lived in east and central Asia.
Evolution

Q171   (B)   The Widal test
Salmonella typhi infection is classically diagnosed by the Widal test.
Human Health & Disease

Q172   (B)   Wuchereria bancrofti
The filarial worms block the lymphatic vessels of the lower limbs.
Human Health & Disease

Q173   (C)   IgE
IgE triggers release of histamine and serotonin from mast cells.
Human Health & Disease

Q174   (B)   Active immunity with memory cells
The vaccine antigen generates antibodies and memory B and T cells.
Human Health & Disease

Q175   (A)   Diacetylmorphine, a depressant
It is obtained by acetylation of morphine and slows down body functions.
Human Health & Disease

Q176   (B)   Tetracycline resistance
Insertional inactivation of tetracycline resistance is used to select recombinants.
Biotechnology – Principles

Q177   (B)   Transfers T-DNA of its Ti plasmid into plant cells
The tumour-inducing plasmid delivers DNA into the host plant genome.
Biotechnology – Principles

Q178   (B)   Divalent calcium ions
Treatment with CaCl₂ followed by a brief heat shock allows DNA uptake.
Biotechnology – Principles

Q179   (B)   cry IAc and cry IIAb
cry IAb controls corn borer while cry IAc and cry IIAb act against cotton bollworms.
Biotechnology – Applications

Q180   (B)   Human alpha-lactalbumin
Her milk contained human alpha-lactalbumin, making it nutritionally more balanced for infants.
Biotechnology – Applications